INTRODUCTION:

Pioneering work by agriculture scientists, government and the efforts of farmers had helped to achieve a breakthrough in the agriculture sector. Due to high agricultural production and productivity in some crops has helped in attaining growth. The food safety net for each and every citizen in an increasing population requires enhanced agricultural production and productivity in the form of a Second Green Revolution. The role of the agriculture sector, however, remains crucial as it accounts for about 49.6% of employment in the state (as per 2011 census). Moreover, this sector supplies food, fodder, and raw materials for most of the industries. Hence the growth of agriculture can be considered a necessary condition for 'inclusive growth'.

The state is divided into 8 sub agro-climatic zones based on the characteristics of agriculture and climate. Output of agricultural sector in Gujarat State has been largely dependent on south-west monsoon. The State frequently experiences erratic behaviour of the south-west monsoon, which can partly be attributed to geographic situation of the State. The major variation in rainfall received by different parts of the state is the characteristic of monsoon. In the year 2018, average rainfall of the state was 638 mm against 909 mm rainfall received in 2017. Which shows, approximately 30% shortfall as compare to the previous year.

It has been examined how the development of Agriculture sector has changed from 2010-11 to 2018-19 with respect to the major crops in Gujarat.

OBJECTIVES:

1. To know the Development of Agriculture Sector of Gujarat Economy.

2. To know the under farming area of the State of Gujarat

3. To know the variation of production of selected crops during last ten years in the State of Gujarat.

4. To know the effective factors of Agricultural Development in the State of Gujarat.

PERIOD OF STUDY:

The Data has been taken for the period of 2010-11 to 2017-18 and also considered the year 2018-19 and 2019-2020 in this study.

DATA COLLECTION:

There has been taken the secondary Data in this study. All the data taken from:(1) https://gujecostat. gujarat.gov.in (2) https://dag.gujarat.gov.in (3) http://www.agriasia.in/about-agri-asia-about-gujarat/#

DATA ANALYSIS:

Table - 1: Development of Agriculture Sector in the State of Gujarat

Crop	Rice		Wheat		Jowar		Bajra		Total Foodgrains
Year	Area	Production	Area	Production	Area	Production	Area	Production	Area	Production
2010-11@	808	1666	1589	5013	126	139	873	1501	4905	10071
2011-12@	836	1790	1351	4072	124	140	866	1612	4735	9257
2012-13@	701	1541	1024	2944	80	107	458	1044	3546	7022
2013-14@	788	1636	1500	4694	128	175	694	1413	4436	9382
2014-15@	786	2287	1112	3059	178	242	460	987	3515	7795
2015-16@	772	1703	851	2484	102	138	393	906	3127	6405
2016-17@	837	1929	995	2737	106	150	431	931	3803	7420
2017-18	855	1889	1059	3068	91	125	397	965	3736	7661
2018-19**	840	1909	807	2378	74	105	388	801	3184	6691
2019-2020 #	834	2068	-	-	34	41	174	279	1768	3321
Percentage (+) / (-) over previous year 2010-11	4.0	14.6	-49.2	-52.6	-41.3	-24.5	-55.6	-46.6	-23.8	-23.9

Table - 1:Cont…….

Crop	*Cotton ()**		Groundnut		Total Oil Seeds
Year	Area	Production	Area	Production	Area	Production
2010-11@	2623	9825	1922	3575	3110	5142
2011-12@	3003	10375	1686	2717	3130	5035
2012-13@	2457	4963	1285	758	2452	2705
2013-14@	2519	10088	1843	5446	3079	7470
2014-15@	2773	9624	1401	3018	2540	4882
2015-16@	2722	7540	1413	2032	2567	3873
2016-17@	2382	5043	1760	2944	2776	4576
2017-18	2626	10113	1679	4066	2758	6143
2018-19**	2659	5053	1606	2036	2548	3509
2019-2020 #	2666	9273	1550	3189	2418	4839
Percentage (+) / (-) over previous year 2010-11	0.1	2.9	-12.6	13.7	-11.3	19.5
Source: (1) Socio-Economic Review, Gujarat State from 2017-18 to 2018-19 (2) @ https://gujecostat.gujarat.gov.in/sites/default/files/AgriPocketbook%202018_colour_08_0.pdf
(3) # https://dag.gujarat.gov.in/images/directorofagriculture/pdf/Frist-Estimate-2019-20.pdf
() Production in '000 bales of 170 kgs each, (*) 3rd Advance Estimate Area in "000" hectares, Production in "000" Tonnes.

It has been examined how the production of agricultural sector has changed in the years 2017-18 compared to the years 2010-11 with respect to the major crops. According to the above captioned table and figure, In the year 2017-18, the production of total Food grains decreased by 23.9% in the state of Gujarat as the total area under cultivation of food grain decreased by 23.8% compared to the year 2010-11. It is also observed that, the total area under cultivation of Oilseeds in the State of Gujarat has declined by 11.3 % while the production of total Oil seeds has increased by 19.5 % during the same period. In regard to Cotton, the total production of Cotton increased by 2.9% as increasing the total cultivation area of Cotton by 0.1% in the year 2017-18 as compared to 2010-11 in the State.

The above cited table shows that, in year 2018-19, the area under cultivation of food grains in the state of Gujarat was 31.84 lakh hectares and the total production of food grains was estimated to be 66.91 lakh Tonnes. As well as the area under cultivation of Total Oil seeds and Cotton were 25.48 and 26.59 lakh hectares respectively and the total production of Total Oil seeds and Cotton were estimated to be 35.09 and 50.53 lakh Tonnes respectively in the State.



According to the first advance estimates on area and production of crops for the year 2019-2020 released by The Directorate of Agriculture, State of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, the area under cultivation of total food grains and total Oil seeds will be 17.68 and 24.18 lakh hectares respectively and the total production of Food grains and Oil seeds are estimated to be 33.21 and 48.39 lakh tonnes respectively. As well as the area under cultivation of Cotton will be 26.66 lakh hectares and the production of Cotton will be 92.73 lakh tonnes (bales each of 170 kg).

CONCLUSION:

We can say that; the Agricultural Development is decreasing periodically with respect to the total Food grains in Gujarat Economy. There are many responsible factors for that such as adverse rain in the state, decreasing the cultivated are due to arise use of land for Non-Agricultural activities, lack of satisfaction of farmers about the prices of crops etc. According to this study, it is clear that, in the State of Gujarat, the production of agricultural sector has changed periodically at last ten years with respect to the major crops. However, it is clear that, the total production of Oil seeds is mostly increasing since 2010-11 in the State of Gujarat.

REFERENCES:

1. Socio-Economic Review, Gujarat State, 2017-18

2. Socio-Economic Review, Gujarat State, 2018-19

3. https://dag.gujarat.gov.in/images/directorofagriculture/pdf/Frist-Estimate-2019-20.pdf

4. https://gujecostat.gujarat.gov.in/sites/default/files/AgriPocketbook%202018_colour_08_0.pdf

5. http://www.agriasia.in/about-agri-asia-about-gujarat/#

Received on 29.01.2020 Modified on 18.02.2020

Res. J. Humanities and Social Sciences. 2020; 11(1):45-47.

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5828.2020.00007.8